To make self-overcoming the supreme value is to turn yourself into your own torturer.

Objects to

Alain Ehrenberg · The Cult of Performance; The Weariness of the Self · 1998

The path of self-overcoming makes effort on oneself the seat of the good: to conquer oneself, to be disciplined, to go further than yesterday would be worth more than to enjoy or to succeed.
But to make self-overcoming the supreme value is to give oneself a measure with no end: there is always someone stronger, faster, a record to break, a yesterday-self to humble. The installs at the heart of oneself a judge that never says "that is enough".
The athlete offers its image: whoever is worth only as much as they surpass themselves wears out proving it, and lives each limit not as a fact, but as a fault. Alain Ehrenberg named this underside "the weariness of the self": depression as the shadow cast by the injunction to keep performing.
What was meant to forge character therefore gnaws at it: discipline turns into inner tyranny, demandingness into violence against oneself.

Therefore So to make self-overcoming the highest good is not to rise, it is to condemn oneself: a value with no measure becomes a master with no mercy.

Deepenings

Where the injunction to surpass oneself comes from

Ehrenberg locates the origin of this ill in a shift: yesterday, the individual measured themselves against what was permitted or forbidden; today, against what is possible, against what they could achieve.
But nothing outside comes any longer to say "you have reached your place": freed from prohibitions, the self becomes its own endless task, alone responsible for its success as for its failure, and exhaustion replaces the guilt of former times.

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