The dignity of the person
Only a being that can give itself reasons and answer for its acts is an end in itself: that is what grounds duties of justice.
Supports
Kant · Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, II; Lectures on Ethics
- A being has full moral status when it can be wronged, when it has grievances to press, not merely suffer damage: one can injure an animal, but can one 'do it an injustice'?
- Now rights and duties go together: only what can also recognize duties, enter the space of reasons where accounts are given, holds rights, and this is proper to rational beings.
- Animals and nature can neither promise, nor consent, nor answer for anything: they fall under our benevolence, not justice; we owe them consideration, not the respect owed to an equal.
Therefore So the circle of justice is that of persons: cruelty to animals is a wrong because it degrades us and betrays our humanity, not because an injustice is done to the animal.
How far does this reasoning convince you?
Not at all
Entirely